Radar Of Radio Detection And Multiple Classification And...

II. RADAR Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) is a sensor used in the automotive domain to derive speed and distance information. Now we will discuss on the principle of working, its classification and sub-systems used for processing. Currently we used frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) RADARs and so this type will be elaborated here. A. Principle The RADAR sensor measurements are mainly based on three principles: time-of-flight, Doppler Effect and Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW). 1) Time-of-Flight Distance measurement is basically based on the principle of time-of-flight, which is that the time between the transmitted and received signal is proportional to the distance between the objects. 2) Doppler Effect Frequency of the received signal is offset by a positive frequency factor when the source and the target are approaching towards each other and by a negative factor when they are moving away from each other. 3) Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) The transmission is a continuously increasing frequency signal, and then at the maximum frequency, abruptly begins to continuously decrease in frequency until it reaches the minimum frequency. This cycle then repeats. The frequency over time looks like a â€Å"saw tooth wave†. As you can see from Fig. 3, the horizontal delay between the transmitted and the received signals is the time delay used for range measurement and the vertical shift is the Doppler Shift used for velocity calculations. ButShow MoreRelatedComparison Analysis Of PSO And SMO906 Words   |  4 Pagesand domain of engineering optimization, function optimization, scheduling, image processing, planning, forecasting, feature selection and other real-world applications like lower order system modeling, multi-machine power system based on VSC-HVDC link, cluster based routing protocol Wireless Sensor networks, optimal power flow analysis, optimal reactive power dispatch problem, electromagnetics, diabetes classification, multilevel thresholding segmentation, placement and sizing of capacitors, antennaRead MoreGifi over Wifi6214 Words   |  25 PagesDarji Jigar H. Khakhkhar Dharmesh.k. 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